W. R. Zemlin Memorial Web Page

Anatomy of the Central Nervous System

Slide One:

Schematic of the Nervous System.
Based on a woodcut by Andreas Vesalius (1514–64).

 

Slide Two

Subtitle: Gross Anatomy of the Brain

 

Slide Three

Cerebral hemispheres with arachnoid mater as seen from the side. Also shown are the cerebellum and middle cerebral artery.

 

Slide 4

Cerebral hemispheres with arachnoid mater as seen from above.

Note small area near longitudinal fissure on the right where arachnoid was torn due to adhesion to overlying dura mater.

 

Slide 5

Cerebral hemispheres from above. Arachnoid villi (or granulations) are shown on the left.

 

Slide 6

Cerebral hemispheres from beneath with arachnoid mater.

Arachnoid mater bridges the sulci.

1.
 Frontal lobe
2.
 Temporal lobe
3.
 Occipital lobe
4.
 Cerebellum
5.
 Medulla
6.
 Pons

 

Slide 7

Lateral view of the brain with arachnoid removed.

1. Frontal lobe
2. Frontal Pole
3. Central sulcus
4. Parietal lobe
5. Lateral (or Sylvian) sulcus
6. Temporal lobe
7. Temporal pole
8. Occipital lobe
9. Occipital pole
10. Cerebellum


 

Slide 8

Lateral view of the brain.

1. Precentral sulcus
2. Precentral gyrus
3. Central sulcus
4. Postcentral gyrus
5. Postcentral sulcus
6. Supramarginal gyrus
7. Angular gyrus
8. Lateral sulcus
9. Superior temporal gyrus
10. Superior temporal sulcus
11. Middle temporal gyrus
12. Middle temporal sulcus
13. Inferior temporal gyrus

 

Slide 9

Lateral view of the Brain

1. Broca's area
2. Wernicke's area

 

Slide 10

Top view of the brain.

1. Frontal lobe
2. Parietal lobe
3. Occipital lobe
4. Longitudinal fissure
5. Central sulcus
6. Precentral gyrus (motor cortex)
7. Postcentral gyrus (somatic -sensory cortex)

 

 

Slide 11

Base view of the brain.

1. Frontal lobe
2. Temporal love
3. Uncus
4. Cerebellum
5. Medulla
6. Pons
7. Cerebral peduncle
8. Olfactory bulb
9. Olfactory nerve (Cranial nerve I)
10. Optic / Optical chiasm
11. Trigeminal nerve (Cranial nerve V)
12. Cranial emergence (Cranial nerves VII, VIII, IX, and X)

 

 

Slide 12

 

Detail of base view of the brain.

1. Olfactory nerve
2. Optical nerve (Cranial II)
3. Optic chiasm
4. Optic tract
5. Infundibulum (frequently broken during the removal of the brain from the skull)
6. Mammillary body
7. Uncus
8. Cerebral peduncle
9. Interpeduncular fossa
10. Pons
11. Trigeminal nerve
12. Medulla
13. Cerebellum

 

 

Slide 13

 

A sagittal section of the brain reveals mirrored halves.

1. Lateral ventricle
2. Third ventricle
3. Corpus callosum — genu (G), trunk (T), and splenium (S)
4. Fourth ventricle
5. Midbrain
6. Pons
7. Cerebellum
8. Medulla oblongata

 

 

Slide 14

 

Mid-sagittal section of the brain.

1. Temporal lobe — uncus
2. Frontal lobe
3. Cingulate sulcus
4. Cingulate gyrus
5. Parietal lobe
6. Parieto-occipital sulcus
7. Occipital lobe — cuneus (C) and lingual (L) gyri
8. Calcarine sulcus
9. Corpus callosum —genu (G), trunk (T), and splenium (S)
10. Septum pellucidum
11. Fornix
12. Lateral ventricle
13. Interventricular foramen
14. Third ventricle
15. Aqueduct cerebri
16. Midbrain
17. Pons
18. Fourth ventricle
19. Cerebellum

 

Slide 15

Mid-sagittal view of the brain — at the third ventricle level.

1. Corpus callosum — trunk (T) and splenium (S)
2. Septum pellucidum
3. Lateral ventricle
4. Interventricular foramen
5. Third ventricle
6. Mammillary body
7. Infundibulum (torn)
8. Anterior commissure
9. Pineal body
10. Posterior commissure
11. Superior colliculus
12. Inferior colliculus
13. Aqueduct cerebri
14. Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
15. Fourth ventricle
16. Pons
17. Cerebellum

 

Slide 16

Subtitle: Horizontal Sections of the Brain Progressing from Superior to Inferior Aspects.

 

Slide 17

Drawing of the brain indicating the approximate level and plane of horizontal sections (LeMasurier modification of the Mulligan stain.)

 

Slide 18

 

Top view of Section 2.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Precentral sulcus
4. Precentral gyrus
5. Central sulcus
6. Postcentral gyrus
7. Postcentral sulcus
8. Parietal lobe
9. Occipital lobe

 

 

 

Slide 19

Bottom view of Section 2.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Precentral sulcus
4. Precentral gyrus
5. Central sulcus
6. Postcentral gyrus
7. Postcentral sulcus
8. Parietal lobe (white matter)
9. Parieto-occipital sulcus
10. Occipital lobe

 

Slide 20

 

Top view of Section 3.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Central sulcus
4. Precentral gyrus
5. Precentral sulcus
6. Postcentral gyrus
7. Postcentral sulcus
8. Parietal lobe
9. Parieto-occipital sulcus
10. Occipital lobe

 

 

Slide 21

 

Bottom view of Section 3

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Corpus callosum — trunk
4. Lateral ventricle — central part
5. Posterior forceps of corpus callosum
6. Calcarine sulcus
7. Occipital lobe
8. Parietal lobe
9. Lateral sulcus
10. Central sulcus

 

 

Slide 22

 

Top view of Section 4

1.
 Longitudinal fissure
2.
 Frontal lobe
3.
 Corpus callosum — trunk
4.
 Posterior forceps of corpus callosum
5.
 Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
6.
 Lateral ventricle — body
7.
 Corona radiata
8.
 Calcarine sulcus
9.
 Occipital lobe
10.
 Temporal lobe
11.
 Superior temporal sulcus
12.
 Lateral sulcus
13.
 Parietal lobe
14.
 Central sulcus
15.
 Precentral sulcus
16.
 Lateral ventricle — posterior horn

 

 

Slide 23

 

Bottom view of Section 4.

1.
 Longitudinal fissure
2.
 Frontal lobe
3.
 Corpus callosum — trunk
4.
 Septum pellucidum
5.
 Corpus callosum —splenium
6.
 Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
7.
 Lateral ventricle — body
8.
 Calcarine sulcus
9.
 Occipital lobe
10.
 Lateral sulcus
11.
 Insula
12.
 Temporal lobe
13.
 Corona radiata
14.
 Thalamus
15.
 Caudate nucleus — head

 

 

Slide 24

 

Top view of Section 5.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Corpus callosum — trunk
4. Septum pellucidum
5. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
6. Caudate nucleus — head
7. Corona radiata
8. Thalamus
9. Corpus callosum — splenium
10. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
11. Calcarine sulcus
12. Cerebellum
13. Occipital lobe
14. Temporal lobe
15. Lateral sulcus
16. Insula

 

Slide 25

Bottom view of Section 5.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Cingulate sulcus
4. Cingulate gyrus
5. Corpus callosum — genu
6. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
7. Caudate nucleus — head
8. Internal capsule — anterior limb (a), genu (b), and posterior limb (c)
9. Globus pallidus of lentiform nucleus
10. Putamen
11. Claustrum
12. Insula
13. Body of fornix
14. Thalamus
15. Third ventricle
16. Medial geniculate body of thalamus
17. Lateral geniculate body of thalamus
18. Caudate nucleus — tail
19. Hippocampus and its fimbria
20. Temporal lobe
21. Cerebellum — vermis
22.

Superior colliculus
23. Cerebellum — hemisphere

 

 

Slide 26

 

Top view of Section 6.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Cingulate sulcus
4. Cingulate gyrus
5. Corpus callosum — genu
6. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
7. Caudate nucleus — head
8. Internal capsule — anterior limb (a), genu (b), and posterior limb (c)
9. Globus pallidus of lentiform nucleus
10. Putamen
11. External capsule
12. Extreme capsule
13. Claustrum
14. Insula
15. Lateral sulcus
16. Thalamus
17. Third ventricle
18. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
19. Aqueduct cerebri
20. Inferior colliculs
21. Medial geniculate body
22. Lateral geniculate body
23. Caudate nucleus — tail
24. Hippocampus
25. Cerebellum — vermis
26. Cerebellum — hemisphere

 

 

Slide 27

Bottom view of Section 6.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Cingulate sulcus
4. Cingulate gyrus
5. Corpus callosum — genu
6. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
7. Caudate nucleus — head
8. Internal capsule — anterior limb
9. Putamen of lentiform nucleus
10. Lateral sulcus
11. Insula
12. Temporal lobe
13. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
14. Optical tract
15. Mammillary body
16. Midbrain
17. Pons
18. Cerebellum — hemisphere
19. Fourth ventricle
20. Cerebellum — vermis
21. Dentate nucleus of cerebellum

 

 

Slide 28

Top view of Section 7.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Frontal lobe
3. Corpus callosum — rostrum
4. Lateral ventricle — tip of anterior horn
5. Caudate nucleus — head
6. Internal capsule — anterior limb
7. Putamen
8. Lateral sulcus
9. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
10. Temporal lobe
11. Hippocampus
12. Pons
13. Fourth ventricle
14. Cerebellum — vermis
15. Dentate nucleus of cerebellum
16. Cerebellum — hemisphere

 

 

Slide 29

Subtitle: Frontal Section of the Brain Progressing from Front to Back.

 

Slide 30

 

Drawing of the brain indicating the approximate level and plane of frontal sections (LeMasurier modification of the Mulligan stain.)

 

 

Slide 31

Front view of Section 2.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Superior frontal gyrus
5. Superior frontal sulcus
6. Middle frontal gyrus
7. Inferior frontal sulcus
8. Inferior frontal gyrus
9. Centrum semioval ( i.e., white matter)
10. Gyrus rectus
11. Olfactory sulcus
12. Orbital sulci
13. Orbital gyri

 

 

Slides 32

Back view of Section 2.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Superior frontal gyrus
5. Superior frontal sulcus
6. Middle frontal gyrus
7. Inferior frontal sulcus
8. Inferior frontal gyrus
9. Orbital gyri
10. Orbital sulci
11. Olfactory sulcus
12. Gyrus rectus
13. White matter
14. Corpus callosum — genu
15. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn

 

 

Slides 33

Frontal view of Section 3.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Superior frontal gyrus
5. Superior frontal sulcus
6. Middle frontal gyrus
7. Inferior frontal sulcus
8. Inferior frontal gyrus
9. Orbital gyri
10. Orbital sulci
11. Olfactory sulcus
12. Gyrus rectus
13. White matter
14. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
15. Corpus callosum — genu

 

 

Slides 34

Back view of Section 3.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — trunk
5. Septum pellucidum
6. Caudate nucleus — head
7. Internal capsule — anterior limb (looking like an English muffin)
8. Putamen of lentiform nucleus
9. External capsule
10. Claustrum
11. Extreme capsule
12. Insula
13. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn

 

 

Slides 35

 

Front view of Section 4.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — trunk
5. Septum pellucidum
6. Caudate nucleus — head
7. Internal capsule — anterior limb (looking like an English muffin)
8. Putamen of lentiform nucleus
9. Insula
10. Lateral sulcus
11. Operculum of temporal lobe
12. Operculum of frontal lobe
13. Corona radiata
14. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn


 

Slides 36

Back View of Section 4.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — trunk
5. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
6. Septum pellucidum
7. Choroid plexus
8. Caudate nucleus — head
9. Thalamus
10. Internal capsule — close to genu
11. Globus pallidus
12. Putamen
13. Anterior commissure
14. Optical tract
15. Uncus
16. Insula
17. Superior temporal gyrus
18. Lateral sulcus
19. Superior temporal sulcus
20. Middle temporal gyrus
21. Inferior temporal gyrus
22. Corona radiata

 

Slides 37

Front view of Section 5.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus

3.

 Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — trunk
5. Septum pellucidum
6. Lateral ventricle — anterior horn
7. Caudate nucleus — head
8. Thalamus
9. Internal capsule — genu
10. Globus pallidus
11. Putamen
12. Anterior commissure
13. Optical chiasm
14. Pons
15. Corona radiata
16. Insula
17. Temporal lobe

 

 

Slides 38

Back view of Section 5.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — splenium
5. Lateral ventricle — central part
6. Crus of fornix
7. Caudate nucleus — tail
8. Thalamus
9. Third ventricle
10. Red nucleus
11. Substantia nigra of cerebral peduncle
12. Crus cerebri of cerebral peduncle
13. Pons
14. Hippocampus
15. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
16. Temporal lobe
17. Lateral sulcus
18. Parietal lobe

 

 

Slides 39

Front view of Section 6.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — splenium
5. Lateral ventricle — central part
6. Crus of fornix
7. Thalamus
8. Caudate nucleus — tail
9. Third ventricle
10. Pretectal area
11. Substantia nigra

12.

 Crus cerebri
13. Pons
14. Hippocampus
15. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
16. Temperol lobe
17. Parietal lobe
18. Lateral sulcus

 

Slides 40

Back view of Section 6.

1. Longitudinal fissure
2. Cingulate sulcus
3. Cingulate gyrus
4. Corpus callosum — splenium
5. Lateral ventricle — posterior horn
6. Fimbrium of fornix
7. Parietal lobe
8. Temporal lobe
9. Hippocampus
10. Lateral ventricle — inferior horn
11. Pretectal area
12. Aqueduct cerebri
13. Central grey substance of midbrain
14. Pons
15. Cerebellum

 

 

Slides 41

Front view of Section 7.

1. Cerebellum — hemisphere
2. Cerebellum — vermis
3. Cerebellum — flocculus
4. Fourth ventricle
5. Superior cerebellar peduncle
6. Inferior cerebellar peduncle
7. Tegmentum of pons
8. Middle cerebellar peduncle
9. Ventral portion of pons

 

Slides 42

Back view of Section 7.

1. Cerebellar cortex (grey matter)
2. Medullary body (white matter)
3. Cerebellar arbor vitae
4. Cerebellar folia (equivalent to gyri in cerebrum)
5. Cerebellar fissures (equivalent to sulci in cerebrum)
6. Vermis of cerebellum
7. Fourth ventricle
8. Inferior olivary nucleus
9. Pyramidal tract
10. Tegmentum of pons

 

 

Slides 43

Subtitle: Brain Stem with the Weil-Weigert Stain Proceeding Caudal-Cranialward.

Slides 44

Drawing of the brainstem indicating the approximate level and plane of transverse sections (Loyez modification of the Weigert stain.)

Slides 45

Transverse section through the thoracic region of the spinal cord.

1. Fasciculus gracilis
2. Fasciculus cuneatus
3. Spinocerebellar tract
4. Lateral corticospinal (or pyramidal) tract
5. Lateral spinothalamic trac
6. Vestibulospinal tract
7. Anterior spinothalamic tract
8. Anterior corticospinal (or pyramidal) tract
9. Posterior horn
10. Lateral horn
11. Anterior horn
12. Intermediate gray matter

 

 

Slide 46

Transverse section through the first cervical region of the spinal cord.

1. Intermediate gray matter
2. Posterior horn
3. Anterior horn
4. Fasciculus gracilis
5. Fasciculus cuneatus
6. Spinocerebellar tract
7. Lateral corticospinal tract
8. Anterior corticospinal tract

 

 

Slide 47

Transverse section of the medulla passing through the decussation of the pyramidal tracts.

1. Fasciculus gracilis
2. Nucleus gracilis
3. Fasciculus cuneatus
4. Nucleus cuneatus
5. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
6. Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
7. Spinocerebellar tract
8. Anterior horn of spinal cord
9. Anterior corticospinal tract
10. Pyramidal decussation
11. Reticular formation
12. Lateral corticospinal tract

 

 

Slide 48

Transverse section of medulla above the pyramidal decussation.

1. Fasciculus gracilis
2. Nucleus gracilis
3. Fasciculus cuneatus
4. Nucleus cuneatus
5. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
6. Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
7. Posterior and anterior spinocerebellar tract
8. Anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts
9. Pyramidal tract
10. Reticular formation
11. Medial lemniscus and its decussation
12. Solitary tract
13. Dorsal (motor) nucleus of vagus nerve (X)
14. Hypoglossal nucleus
15. Median fissure
16. Median sulcus

 

 

 

Slide 49

 

Transverse section of the medulla through the nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve.

1.

 Nucleus gracilis
2. Fasciculus gracilis
3. Nucleus cuneatus
4. Fasciculus cuneatus
5. Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve (XII)
6. Dorsal nucleus of accessory nerve (XI)
7. Solitary tract
8. Reticular formation
9. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
10. Nucleus lateralis
11. Decussation of medial lemniscus
12. Medial accessory olivary nucleus
13. Rubrospinal tract
14. Tectospinal tract
15. Pyramidal tract
16. Arcuate nuclei
17. Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)

 

Slide 50

Transverse section of the medulla passing through the lower third of the olive.

1. Inferior medullary velum
2. Fourth ventricle
3. Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
4. Solitary tract
5. Reticular formation
6. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
7. Medial lemniscus
8. Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
9. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
10. Spinocerebellar tracts
11. Spinothalamic tracts
12. Inferior olivary nucleus
13. Pyramidal tract
14. Fasciculus and nucleus cuneatus

 

 

Slide 51

Transverse section of the medulla through the middle of the olive.

1. Inferior medullary velum
2. Fourth ventricle
3. Choroid plexus
4. Hypoglossal nucleus (XII)
5. Dorsal moter nucleus of vagus nerve (X)
6. Nucleus of solitary tract
7. Solitary tract
8. Inferior vestibular nucleus
9. Medial vestibular nucleus
10. Accessory cuneate nucleus
11. Inferior cerebellar peduncle
12. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
13. Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
14. Nucleus ambiguous
15. Reticular formation
16. Anterior spinocerebellar tract and anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts.
17. Fibers of hypoglossal nerve (XII)
18. Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)
19. Medial lemniscus — cuneate part
20. Medial lemniscus — gracile part
21. Pyramidal tract
22. Inferior olivary nucleus

Slide 52

Transverse section of the medulla through the middle of the inferior olive.

1. Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve (XII)
2. Motor nucleus of vagus nerve (X)
3. Solitary tract
4. Nucleus of solitary tract
5. Medial vestibular nucleus
6. Inferior vestibular nucleus and spinovestibular and vestibular tracts
7. Inferior cerebellar peduncle
8. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
9. Reticular formation
10. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
11. Medial lemniscus — cuneate part
12. Medial lemniscus — gracile part
13. Fibers of hyypoglossal nerve (XII)
14. Pyramidal tract — Fibers to face (F), upper limb (A), trunk (T), and lower limb (L)
15. Middle of inferior olive
16. Spinocerebellar tract
17. Location of nucleus ambiguous (X, XI)
18. Fourth ventricle
19. Inferior medullary velum

20.

 Choroid plexus of fourth ventricle

 

 

Slide 53

Transverse section through upper medulla and rostral part of top of the olive.

1. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
2. Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve
3. Medial vestibular nucleus
4. Inferior vestibular nucleus
5. Solitary tract and nucleus
6. Inferior cerebellar peduncle (or restiform body)
7. Ventral cochlear nucleus
8. Dorsal cochlear nucleus
9. Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) — cochlear part
10. Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
11. Reticular formation
12. Inferior olivary nucleus
13. Pyramidal tract
14. Medial lemniscus
15. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
16. Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
17. Fourth ventricle
18. Choroid plexus of fourth ventricle.

 

 

Slide 54

Transverse section through the nucleus of cochlear nerve.

1. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
2. Reticular formation
3. Dorsal cochlear nucleus and fibers of vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
4. Inferior cerebellar peduncle
5. Nucleus and spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
6. Nucleus ambiguous (X,XI)
7. Top of olivary nucleus
8. Pyramidal tract
9. Interolivary lemniscus
10. Thalamoolivary tract
11. Rubrospinal and tectospinal tracts
12. Vestibular part of vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
13. Stria medullaris
14. Ventral cochlear nucleus
15. Fourth ventricle
16. Choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle.

 

 

 

Slide 55

Transverse section through lower pons.

1. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
2. Nucleus of abducent nerve
3. Facial nerve
4. Nucleus of vestibular branch of vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
5. Nucleus and tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
6. Middle cerebellar peduncle
7. Reticular formation
8. Medial lemniscus
9. Pyramidal tract
10. Lateral lemniscus
11. Nucleus of facial nerve (VII)
12. Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
13. Fourth ventricle

 

Slide 56

Transverse section through anterior medullary velum.

1. Fourth ventricle
2. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
3. Mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve (V)
4. Reticular formation
5. Central tegmental tract
6. Ventral trigeminal tract
7. Superior cerebellar peduncle (or Brachium conjunctivum)
8. Lateral lemniscus
9. Nucleus of lateral lemniscus
10. Pyramidal tract and corticopontine fibers
11. Pontine nuclei
12. Trapezoid body
13. Cerebellum

 

 

Slide 57

Transverse section through anterior medullary velum.

1. Superior medullary velum
2. Superior cerebellar peduncle (or Brachium conjunctivum)
3. Lateral lemniscus
4. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
5. Lateral spinothalamic tract
6. Medial lemniscus
7. Ascending gustatory tract
8. Ventral trigeminal tract
9. Reticular formation
10. Central tegmental tract
11. Middle cerebellar peduncle
12. Pyramidal tract and corticopontine fibers
13. Pontine nuclei
14. Cerebellum
15. Fourth ventricle

 

Slide 58

Transverse section through the inferior colliculi.

1. Inferior colliculus
2. Cerebral aqueduct
3. Central gray substance
4. Lateral lemniscus
5. Reticular formation
6. Trochlear nucleus
7. Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles
8. Frontopontine tract
9. Corticobulbar fibers to speech musculature (S)
10. Corticobulbar fibers to upper limb (U)
11. Corticospinal fibers to trunk (T)
12. Corticospinal fibers to lower limb (L)

 

 

Slide 59

Transverse section through inferior coliculi.

1. Inferior colliculus
2. Tectospinal tract
3. Aqueduct cerebri
4. Trigeminal nerve (V)
5. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
6. Superior cerebellar peduncle (or Brachium conjunctivum)
7. Thalamoolivary tract
8. Medial lemniscus
9. Rubrospinal tract
10. Inferior collicular commissure
11. Pontine nuclei

 

 

Slide 60

Transverse section through inferior colliculi

1. Inferior colliculus
2. Tectospinal tract
3. Aqueduct cerebri
4. Nucleus of trochlear nerve (IV)
5. Medial longitudinal fascuculus
6. Superior cerebellar peduncle (or Brachium conjunctivum)
7. Rubrospinal tract
8. Lateral lemniscus
9. Medial lemniscus
10. Pontine nuclei

 

 

Slide 61

Transverse section through superior colliculi.

1. Superior colliculi
2. Aqueduct cerebri
3. Nucleus of oculomotor nerve (III)
4. Medial longitudinal fasciculus
5. Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles
6. Medial lemniscus
7. Thalamoolivary tract
8. Crus cerebri

 

 

Slide 62

Transverse section through red nucleus-substantia nigra.

1. Aqueduct cerebri
2. Centrral gray substance
3. Superior colliculus
4. Nucleus of oculomotor nerve (III)
5. Medial geniculate body
6. Red nucleus
7. Fibers of oculomotor nerve (III)
8. Substantia nigra
9. Crus cerebri
10. Frontopontine tract
11. Corticospinal fibers of pyramidal tract to face, head, and neck
12. Corticospinal fibers to upper limb
13. Corticospinal fibers of pyramidal tract to trunk and lower limb
14. Temporoparietooccipitopontine tract

 

 

 

Slide 63

Microphotograph of cerebellar cortex

1. Nuclear layer
2. Purkinje layer
3. Molecular layer

 

 

Slide 64

Details of cerebellar cortex.

1. Nuclear layer
2. Granule cell
3. Purkinje cell
4. Molecular layer

 

Slide 65

Lateral view of left hemisphere of a 4-month fetal brain.

Note the insular lobe, which has not been covered by the growing frontal and temporal lobes.

Note also, the beginnings of convolutions in the frontal lobe.

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Website Designer: lamiller@uiuc.edu